Combination of Liquid Chromatography and Atomic Spectrometry for Speciation of Elements

Abstract

This article reviews advances in application of liquid chromatography as a separation method and atomic spectrometry as a detection method. The review is focused on their combination, interfacing and optimization. On-line and off-line techniques of their combination are compared. Various types of interfaces, such as hydride generators, nebulizers and sprays, their potential utilization and their advantages and drawbacks are also discussed. Applications of combined liquid chromatography and atomic spectrometry to analysis of toxic elements (As, Hg, Se, and Sb,) and those showing other adverse effects on human health in biological and environment samples are presented.